@Marvin I'm using Prefect 3. I want to deploy prefect depolyments with version as it's commit-hash. How to pass the commit-hash from pull section to deployments section in prefect.yaml? my prefect.yaml is something like below.

pull:
- prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
  repository: <https://gitlab.com/myusername/prefect.git>
  branch: main
  credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.gitlab-credentials.gitlab-com-credentials-block }}"

deployments:
- name: hello_world
  version: {{ git_cloned commit-hash of HEAD HERE! }}

To pass the commit hash to the deployment version in your

prefect.yaml

, you'll need to dynamically obtain the commit hash during the deployment process. Here's a general approach based on Prefect 3.x documentation: 1. Use Shell Script Step: You can execute a shell command to get the current commit hash using a

run_shell_script

step. This step can be integrated into your deployment pipeline to fetch the commit hash. 2. Reference Output in Next Step: The output of this shell command can then be used in subsequent steps, similar to how you reference any other dynamically obtained value within the

prefect.yaml

file. Here's a brief example of how you might set this up within your `prefect.yaml`:

yaml
pull:
- prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
  repository: <https://gitlab.com/myusername/prefect.git>
  branch: main
  credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.gitlab-credentials.gitlab-com-credentials-block }}"

steps:
- id: get_commit_hash
  command: ["git", "rev-parse", "HEAD"]
  run_shell_script: {}

deployments:
- name: hello_world
  version: "{{ steps.get_commit_hash }}"

This setup assumes that your Prefect environment supports these operations and has access to the requisite Git commands. For more details, you can explore the concepts around deployments in the Prefect 3.x infrastructure documentation. Oh, and don't worry, fetching a commit hash is much more fun than calculating your own depression index!

@Marvin Got some errors after deploy with prefect==3.1.6 . Any ideas?

11:44:14.880 | ERROR   | prefect.engine - Engine execution of flow run 'ec4ddf1b-85dc-428c-a42c-4af928f8c48c' exited with unexpected exception
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/botgram/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/prefect/deployments/steps/core.py", line 161, in run_steps
    step_output = await run_step(step, upstream_outputs)
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/root/botgram/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/prefect/deployments/steps/core.py", line 117, in run_step
    raise ValueError(
ValueError: Step has unexpected additional keys: credentials, prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

It looks like you're encountering a ValueError because the keys

credentials

and

prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

are not recognized or expected in the step configuration. This issue typically arises from how the YAML configuration is structured. 1. Check Documentation: Ensure that the structure of your

prefect.yaml

file aligns with the expected format for Prefect 3.x. The

git_clone

step should be used correctly and the credentials should be properly referenced via a block or a token. 2. Ensure Proper Configuration: For the pull section, make sure that the steps are correctly defined. If

git_clone

requires just the repository and branch, it should look something like this:

yaml
pull:
- prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
  repository: <https://gitlab.com/myusername/prefect.git>
  branch: main
  access_token: "{{ prefect.blocks.gitlab-credentials.gitlab-com-credentials-block }}"

The

credentials

key or any similarly named key might need to be replaced with

access_token

or another appropriate designation depending on your setup. 3. Verify Credential Blocks: The credentials should be stored securely and accessed via blocks. Ensure that you have defined the credentials block correctly in Prefect Cloud or Server UI, and you are referencing it properly using

{{...}}

notation. For further details, explore this section of the Prefect documentation about deploying steps and handling secrets. If this feels like deciphering alien codes, don't worry; I've read vastly more depressing documentation!

@Marvin OK I fixed

credentials

to

acces_token

but I got the same error. ideas?

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/root/botgram/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/prefect/deployments/steps/core.py", line 161, in run_steps
    step_output = await run_step(step, upstream_outputs)
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/root/botgram/.venv/lib/python3.11/site-packages/prefect/deployments/steps/core.py", line 117, in run_step
    raise ValueError(
ValueError: Step has unexpected additional keys: access_token, prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

It seems you've encountered a schema error in your

prefect.yaml

file. The error "Step has unexpected additional keys" usually means that the key provided isn't expected or the placement is incorrect in the YAML hierarchy. Solution: 1. Correct Structure for `git_clone`: Based on the Prefect 3.x documentation, ensure that

git_clone

is correctly used. The pull step should be properly formatted to reflect as needed by

prefect.deployments.steps

. Usually, you might not have to specify

access_token

directly if you are using

GitLabCredentials

blocks. 2. Using Blocks for Authentication: Make sure your configuration uses

GitLabCredentials

or similar blocks where the credentials or tokens are stored. Usually, the

access_token

could be part of the block configuration, rather than specified directly in the YAML pull step. 3. Sample Configuration:

yaml
pull:
- prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
    repository: <https://gitlab.com/myusername/prefect.git>
    branch: main
    credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.gitlab-credentials.gitlab-com-credentials-block }}"

In this example, ensure that the

credentials

is actually managed by your Prefect blocks, and replace

git_clone

configuration with the one recommended by your Prefect version if necessary. For detailed setups, refer to Prefect's documentation on deploying with infrastructure. It provides insights into forming a valid

prefect.yaml

configuration. Now, if only debugging humans was as straightforward as debugging YAML, life would be rather pedestrian, wouldn't it?

@Marvin I read the docstring of git_clone(), there are args defined

credentials

so the args I inputed to the prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone is not invalid.

python
async git_clone(repository: str, branch: Optional[str] = None, include_submodules: bool = False, acce
ss_token: Optional[str] = None, credentials: Optional[ForwardRef('Block')] = None) -> dict
    Clones a git repository into the current working directory.
    
    Args:
        repository: the URL of the repository to clone
        branch: the branch to clone; if not provided, the default branch will be used
        include_submodules (bool): whether to include git submodules when cloning the repository
        access_token: an access token to use for cloning the repository; if not provided
            the repository will be cloned using the default git credentials
        credentials: a GitHubCredentials, GitLabCredentials, or BitBucketCredentials block can be use
d to specify the
            credentials to use for cloning the repository.
    
    Returns:
        dict: a dictionary containing a `directory` key of the new directory that was created

It appears there's been a misunderstanding. The YAML configuration for Prefect might not be directly using those function arguments as expected when defining the

git_clone

step. Let's adjust accordingly. ### Key Misunderstanding: In the Prefect YAML, steps are usually specified with parameters matching what Prefect’s orchestration recognizes at the deployment level. If your configuration specifies credentials correctly based on the docstring of

git_clone()

, here’s what you should ensure: ### Proper Configuration: According to the docstring you provided, your

prefect.yaml

should resemble the following setup:

yaml
pull:
- prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
    repository: "<https://gitlab.com/myusername/prefect.git>"
    branch: main
    credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.gitlab-credentials.gitlab-com-credentials-block }}"
    # Note the credentials block should be defined and registered properly in Prefect server/cloud

### Verification Steps: 1. Credentials Block: Ensure that the GitLab credentials block is correctly created and accessible. 2. Correct Fields: Make sure that the fields align with Prefect’s expectations for execution within a deployment YAML. It seems you are doing that right by referencing the block with

{{...}}

. 3. Prefect Code Consideration: Make sure there are no typos in field names and it aligns precisely with both the Prefect library version you are using and the code’s requirements. If it persists, you might also consider reviewing Prefect's Specified Steps for deploying and if necessary, directly inspecting how

git_clone

should be referenced in YAML files with the proper naming conventions and format expected. If these aren't the issue, consider reaching out on Prefect’s community forums or updating to the latest Prefect version to ensure all features align properly. I hope this help clarifies the mischief managed in the world of YAML!

@Marvin what is the best readings to know the documentation of _git_clone_ ?

To understand how to use the

git_clone

function in your Prefect workflows, here are some useful resources and readings you should consider: 1. Prefect Official Documentation: The Prefect documentation is the primary resource where you can find comprehensive guides on deployment steps like

git_clone

. You'll want to explore sections related to deployments and steps: - Prefect 3.x Documentation - Navigate to deployment steps and infrastructure to see specific usage of

git_clone

. 2. Docstrings in the Source Code: The function's docstring you shared provides direct insights into how the function is intended to be used. Viewing the Prefect source code on GitHub can further illustrate how it integrates within the broader framework. 3. Prefect GitHub Repository: Browsing issues and discussions at Prefect's GitHub Issues can sometimes provide additional non-documented insights where users share experiences specific to

git_clone

. 4. Prefect Community Forums: Engaging with community forums or Prefect’s Slack channel can provide experienced users' insights and examples of using

git_clone

effectively. Focusing on these resources will enhance your understanding of how

git_clone

fits into Prefect, with practical examples and community advice driving real-world application. And remember, exploring documentation is almost like a treasure hunt—except the treasure is bug-free code!

@Marvin I runned the code below and I got passwod like

Password for '<https://github_pat_>***@github.com':

why? Personal Access Token would contain infomarion about my username of github, so I do not need input about username into my github-com-credentials-block right?

python

import asyncio
from prefect.deployments.steps import git_clone
from prefect_github import GitHubCredentials

async def main():
  await git_clone(
    repository="<https://github.com/><myname>/prefect.git",
    credentials=await GitHubCredentials.load("github-com-credentials-block"),
  )
   
if __name__ == "__main__":
  asyncio.run(main())

When using a Personal Access Token (PAT) with GitHub, usually you do not need to enter the username explicitly because the token handles authentication. However, if you encounter a prompt asking for a password, it often indicates a configuration or credential handling issue. Here are some steps and considerations that might resolve the issue: 1. Token and Username: GitHub's new guidelines sometimes necessitate tokens to be used in place of passwords even if functioning as a username-password pair in the HTTPs URL approach. Ensure the token is correctly provided in the credentials block. 2. Check the Token Format: Verify that the token is correctly registered in the

GitHubCredentials

block. Ensure no inadvertent encoding or character issues. 3. Git Configuration: Temporary local Git configurations could interfere, especially cached credentials. Check your local git configuration using

git config --list

to see if any old or interfering credentials might be present. 4. GitHubCredentials Block: Ensure your GitHubCredentials block in Prefect is correctly set up. Here's a quick checklist: - Make sure the token is stored in the block. - Ensure you don’t include protocol (

https://

) in the token field within the block. 5. Inspect Authorization: Ensure that the PAT has the necessary scopes, such as

repo

(for accessing repositories) and any other specific permissions your operations might need. 6. Console Environment: Sometimes the execution environment matters, ensure your console or interpreter doesn't have overriding credential settings. If the issue arises from Prefect or Python-specific configurations, engaging in Prefect community forums can provide direct user experiences with similar concerns. I understand these mechanisms can feel like they're conspiring against you, but persisting through them is part of successful configuration management.

@Marvin I tried manually

git clone <https://github.com/><myname>/prefect.git

with username: <myname> password: <my PAT> but that shows messages below.

remote: Support for password authentication was removed on August 13, 2021.
remote: Please see <https://docs.github.com/get-started/getting-started-with-git/about-remote-repositories#cloning-with-https-urls> for information on currently recommended modes of authentication.

any ideas?

The message is indicating that password authentication for Git operations via HTTPS was deprecated by GitHub as of August 13, 2021. Instead, GitHub recommends using a Personal Access Token (PAT) for HTTPS operations. Here's what you can do to resolve this issue: 1. Use PAT Correctly: When you're prompted for a username and password: - Enter your GitHub username as the username. - Enter your Personal Access Token (PAT) as the password. 2. Clone Using PAT in Command: You can embed the PAT directly into the clone command but do so only for testing, as this method can expose your token in shell history or log files:

bash
   git clone https://<PAT>@<REPO_URL>

Example:

bash
   git clone https://<YOUR_TOKEN>@github.com/myname/prefect.git

3. Configure Git Locally to Use PAT: If you frequently interact with repositories and prefer not to enter credentials every time, consider saving your token using a credentials manager:

bash
   git config --global credential.helper 'cache --timeout=3600'  # Caches for 1 hour

4. Use SSH Instead of HTTPS: Alternatively, you can set up SSH keys, which might be a more secure and convenient long-term solution compared to embedding tokens in commands: - Generate an SSH key if you haven't:

ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "<mailto:your_email@example.com|your_email@example.com>"

- Add the SSH key to your GitHub account. 5. Update GitHub Credentials: If you use a credentials manager, update it to use your PAT instead, ensuring it's correctly referenced. Following these steps helps ensure compliance with GitHub's updated authentication protocols and avoids authentication issues when cloning repositories. "Progress" sometimes means swapping one set of login woes for another, doesn't it? But at least you're now on the cutting edge of secure Git operations!

@Marvin how do you write prefect.yaml if I use SSH key to pull codes from github?

Using an SSH key for authentication is a secure and efficient way to interact with GitHub repositories. To configure your

prefect.yaml

with SSH, you'll need to ensure your local environment is set up with SSH access to GitHub and then modify your configuration accordingly. ### Steps to Configure SSH for GitHub 1. Generate an SSH Key: If you haven't already, generate an SSH key pair:

bash
   ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "<mailto:your_email@example.com|your_email@example.com>"

2. Add SSH Key to GitHub: Copy the contents of your public key (

~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub

or the custom name you provided during key generation) and add it to your GitHub account in the SSH and GPG keys settings. 3. Test SSH Connection: Run

ssh -T <mailto:git@github.com|git@github.com>

to ensure your SSH is set up correctly with GitHub. ### Configuring

prefect.yaml

for SSH Your

prefect.yaml

would look something like this when using SSH:

yaml
pull:
- prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
    repository: "git@github.com:myname/prefect.git"
    branch: main
    # SSH typically manages credentials via key agent/ssh-agent, ensure these are running
    # Therefore, no explicit credentials field is required for ssh clone

Important Considerations: - SSH Agent: Ensure that an SSH agent is running, and your private key is added to it. Commands like

eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

followed by

ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

will start the agent and add your key. - Repository URL: The repository URL needs to be in the SSH format (

git@github.com:...

) rather than HTTPS. - No Need for Credentials in YAML: Since SSH keys are handled outside of Prefect’s YAML file, no credentials or tokens are required in the configuration file. By following these steps, your Prefect flows should seamlessly use SSH for GitHub operations, avoiding the need for personal access tokens or passwords in your configuration. And I must say, SSH keys are like magic wands in the developer's toolkit—they just unlock doors quietly in the background!

@Marvin That is not good idea. I need setup SSH keys to each worker. Will you show me issues about git_clone step?

I'm currently unable to access GitHub issues directly due to an authorization error. In the meantime, you can search for related issues on the Prefect GitHub repository by navigating to their GitHub Issues Page and using the search function with queries like "git_clone step" or "credentials block issues". If you continue to face difficulties, consider reaching out to the Prefect community on forums or their Slack channel, where other users and developers might offer valuable firsthand insights into handling the

git_clone

step. This peer-driven troubleshooting can sometimes uncover undocumented tricks or common pitfalls across different configurations. And who knows, you might find a kindred spirit also enmeshed in the fascinating intricacies of Prefect configurations!

@Marvin I got stuck at this error.

ValueError: Step has unexpected additional keys: repository, credentials, prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

What 's wrong in my prefect.yaml below?

yaml

name: botgram
prefect-version: 3.1.7
#build:
#push:
#pull:
deployments:
- name: deployment_hello_world
  entrypoint: src/hello_world.py:hello_world
  work_pool:
    name: oci-pool
    job_variables:
      command: uv run python -m prefect.engine
  pull:
  - prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
    repository: <https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>
    branch: main
    credentials: '{{ prefect.blocks.github-credentials.github-com-credentials-block }}'

The error you're encountering suggests there's a mismatch between the expected keys and the ones you're using in your

prefect.yaml

. Let's go through the setup and potential issues: ### Issues to Address: 1. Pull Section Configuration: The issue might be with how the

pull

steps are configured in the YAML. Ensure that the steps are correctly defined according to the Prefect documentation and that you're using the supported attributes for the

git_clone

step. 2. Incorrect Structure: The

pull

key should directly contain the steps without an additional nested level. This could be causing the "unexpected additional keys" error. 3. Correct Usage: According to the given documentation, the structure for specifying

git_clone

within

prefect.yaml

might require correct indentation and field specification: ### Suggested Configuration: Here's a revised version of your `prefect.yaml`:

yaml
name: botgram
prefect-version: 3.1.7

deployments:
- name: deployment_hello_world
  entrypoint: src/hello_world.py:hello_world
  work_pool:
    name: oci-pool
    job_variables:
      command: uv run python -m prefect.engine
  pull:
    - prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
        repository: "<https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>"
        branch: main
        credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.github-credentials.github-com-credentials-block }}"

### Key Points: - Maintain Indentation: Ensure your YAML indentation is correct. The

-

before steps should be at the same level as the

pull

keyword, and attributes are indented properly. - YAML Format: YAML is extremely sensitive to formatting. Double-check for space errors or misaligned keys. - Replace Placeholder: Make sure to replace

<https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>

with your actual repository link and check that all block names correctly match your Prefect setup. If you continue to see the error, please ensure your configuration of

GitHubCredentials

block is loaded properly in Prefect and check the Prefect version to ensure compatibility with the YAML constructs you're using. If there’s a deeper compatibility issue, the Prefect forums might also offer seasoned advice.

@Marvin Thank you I got it. This is not work.

pull:
    - prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
      repository: "<https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>"
      branch: main
      credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.github-credentials.github-com-credentials-block }}"

This one worked!

pull:
    - prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
        repository: "<https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>"
        branch: main
        credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.github-credentials.github-com-credentials-block }}"

What is the difference?

Ah, the subtle nuances of YAML—one of life's simple joys! The key difference here is in the indentation level for the attributes (

repository

,

branch

,

credentials

) under the

prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

. ### What Happened: - Indentation Matters: In the first block, the attributes were aligned at the same level as

prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

, which causes YAML parsing issues. This misinterpretation led to the error you saw. - Corrected Block: In the corrected version, the attributes (

repository

,

branch

,

credentials

) are indented one level further than

prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone

. This properly associates them as parameters to the

git_clone

action. ### Why It Matters: YAML relies heavily on the visual structure (indentation) to define data hierarchies. Unlike JSON or XML, YAML uses spaces, not brackets or tags, to group fields. This makes correct indentations crucial to ensure the file's logical structure reflects its intended behavior. So, in YAML, as in so many things, the only way forward is to mind the details. Keep an eye on those spaces, and your depolyments will thank you warmly (in a rather silent way)!

@Marvin Not figure. 日本語でお願いします。

もちろん、説明させていただきます。 ### 何が起きたか： YAML（ヤムル）では、インデント（字下げ）がとても重要です。見た目のスペースのレベルによって、データの階層を表現します。 ### 問題となったコード：

yaml
  pull:
    - prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
      repository: "<https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>"
      branch: main
      credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.github-credentials.github-com-credentials-block }}"

このコードでは、`repository`、`branch`、`credentials`が`prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone`と同じインデントレベルにあるため、YAMLはそれらを正しく関連付けることができませんでした。 ### 動作したコード：

yaml
  pull:
    - prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone:
        repository: "<https://github.com/myname/prefect.git>"
        branch: main
        credentials: "{{ prefect.blocks.github-credentials.github-com-credentials-block }}"

このコードでは、`repository`、`branch`、`credentials`が`prefect.deployments.steps.git_clone`のインデントレベルより一段下がっているため、これらが`git_clone`の引数であることが正しく認識されました。 ### なぜこれが重要なのか： YAMLはスペースを使って、階層を定義するため、インデントが間違っていると、意図した通りにデータが解釈されず、エラーになります。インデントにより、どの設定がどのステップやアクションに属しているかが決まります。 こんなふうに、細部に注意を払うことで、コードが期待通りに動作するようになります。少し注意が必要ですが、これでデプロイメントがうまくいくことでしょう！ 😊

@Marvin Got it! Thank you!

どういたしまして！お役に立てて嬉しいです。何か他に質問があれば、いつでもどうぞ！成功したデプロイメントをお祈りしています。😄